These 15 French Dog Breeds are Très Adorable

Christine Borges

Updated

Apr. 30, 2025

Photo by iStock.com/ozgurcankaya

France has given the world many of the finer things in life, from baguettes and croissants to fine wines and artistic masterpieces. But did you know that many of the world’s most popular dog breeds were also developed in France? And we’re not only talking about Poodles here. French dog breeds come in all shapes and sizes, with all sorts of different coat types and specialized skills, and they make great pets.

Check out these 15 dog breeds with French origins that are recognized by the American Kennel Club (AKC) and decide which is right for you—from dogs with a storied ancestry to playful pups, sporting dogs, toy dogs and beyond.

1. French Bulldog

Photo of two French Bulldogs sitting in grass

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Size: Small
Life Expectancy: 10-12 years
Temperament: Exuberant, best friend for life

A French Bulldog is a great companion dog. Although these friendly little dogs actually originated in England, French breeders refined the characteristics they’re known for today, such as those infamous “bat ears.” They require brisk exercise, but are known to have health issues. They are well-suited for small homes and apartments, and while they are playful, they generally have low energy levels. Affectionately known as Frenchies, these lap dogs with the iconic bat ears come in various color combinations, ranging from a white coat, brindle, fawn, to a mix of these colors.

2. Papillon

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Size: Extra small
Life Expectancy: 14-16 years
Temperament: Joyful, lively, social butterfly

Another small dog that thrives on socialization, the Papillon may be extra small in size—but they are extra large in personality. The name “Papillon,” which is French for butterfly, isn’t due to their social skills but refers to their large, silky ears that resemble butterfly wings. These dainty dogs have a plumed tail and a long, silky white coat that comes in several color combinations. But don’t let their delicate appearance fool you; these are strong and hearty dogs who are well-suited for both cool and warm climates and excel as agility dogs. In fact, they consistently win at the sport’s highest levels. But even if you’re less ambitious, Papillons are still easily trainable to do tricks.

3. Poodle

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Size: Extra small to medium
Life Expectancy: 10-18 years
Temperament: Sporty, smarty pants, loves the spotlight

While technically hailing from Germany, the French took this dog and ran with it, and the Poodle dog breed is what most people think of when they think of dogs from France. But while their hair may be high-maintenance—hello, curly coats with distinct haircuts like the English Saddle, Continental and Sporting clip—these grooming trends are more typical of show dogs. Dog parents typically style their Poodle however they wish.

What some may not know is that the Poodle breed comes in three different sizes: standard, miniature, and toy. Regardless of size, they are generally friendly and eager to please their family.

4. Brittany

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Size: Medium
Life Expectancy: 12-14 years
Temperament: Social butterfly, energetic, smart

The Brittany dog breed is a friendly, high-energy pup who requires a lot of exercise. Named after the westernmost region in France, French hunters developed the breed there hundreds of years ago, creating what is now considered one of the world’s most versatile bird dogs. Brittanies are adaptable and always ready for action—whether they’re going for a walk or participating in a tracking event. Despite their energy, they do not thrive in homes with chaos. They are sensitive and prefer a harmonious home. Brittanies are a nice fit for families who enjoy the great outdoors—whether that’s having them as an all-purpose hunting partner, a dog-sport teammate or simply a hiking companion.

5. Dogue de Bordeaux

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Size: Extra large
Life Expectancy: 5-8 years
Temperament: Powerful, quiet, stubborn

The Dogue de Bordeaux dog breed is the most ancient of French dog breeds. Often referred to as the Mastiff of Bordeaux, this breed existed even before France was France! This immensely powerful mastiff-type guardian is known to have the largest head proportionately in the canine kingdom. Although their body is stocky and close to the ground, they are surprisingly swift runners when duty calls. Despite their imposing size and appearance, they are famously loyal and affectionate. However, they are known to have health issues and have high training needs, so they are best suited for experienced pet parents with older or no children.

6. Basset Hound

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Size: Medium
Life Expectancy: 12-13 years
Temperament: Mellow, good-natured, devoted

The Basset Hound dog breed traces its origins to France and Belgium, where it is believed that the friars of the Abbey of St. Hubert played a significant role. They are credited with crossing strains of older French breeds, resulting in the creation of this distinctively low-built scent hound.

Bassets’ accuracy and persistence made them a favored option for French aristocrats who had a passion for hunting, and today they are considered among the most appealing of the AKC breeds and are a favorite of dog lovers all over the world. While they have a laid-back personality and are calm under pressure, these low riders do best with a relaxed family.

7. Beauceron

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Size: Large
Life Expectancy: 10-12 years
Temperament: Intelligent, adventure-loving, friendly

The Beauceron dog breed, also known as the Bas Rouge or the Berger de Beauce, is a French shepherd dog named after the extensive agricultural region to the southwest of Paris. Since the late Middle Ages, the Beauceron has played many roles, among them bodyguard, rescuer, soldier, companion and unparalleled mover of livestock. This breed has not only a multifaceted working ability, but also an endearing personality.

First identified in the 19th century, this versatile pup also has a history of military and K-9 work. In fact, these brave pups even participated in the trench warfare of World War I! Today, the Beauceron is best suited for experienced and active pet parents who enjoy outdoor adventures—and they tend to thrive most when they’re the only dog in the household.

8. Briard

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Size: Large
Life Expectancy: 12 years
Temperament: Confident, works hard, has your back

The Briard dog breed was developed as a two-in-one dog by French farmers: They are sheepherders and flock guardians capable of running off predators. A close relative of the Beauceron, the Briard held a cherished place in French society, becoming an integral part of the national character and earning the distinguished title of the official war dog of the French army. Their search and rescue efforts included doing sentry duty, locating wounded soldiers, and even pulling supply carts.

Today, these herding dogs are lovingly referred to as “a heart wrapped in fur” because of how deeply they bond with their human companions. These family dogs get along especially well with kids, are fiercely loyal, and bond well with other animals. For these working dogs, the most important job is guarding and protecting their family.

9. Great Pyrenees

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Size: Extra large
Life Expectancy: 10-12 years
Temperament: Smart, serene, confident

The Great Pyrenees dog breed was originally bred hundreds of years ago to work alongside shepherds and herding dogs in the Pyrenees Mountains, which straddle the border between France and Spain. Their innate patience proved invaluable, and their legendary courage when defending the flock made them indispensable. During the court of King Louis XIV in the 17th century, the Great Pyrenees showcased their exceptional skills as guardians of the chateaux, leading to their adoption as the esteemed Royal Dog of France. With their distinctive fluffy white coat, these pups have a high shedding level and need lots of land to roam, preferably in colder climates.

10. Barbet

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Size: Medium
Life Expectancy: 12-14 years
Temperament: Intelligent, loyal, social

The Barbet dog breed was originally bred as a water dog and were largely employed in France for hunting waterfowl and retrieving game from water. However, after the World Wars, the Barbet faced the risk of extinction. Thanks to the unwavering efforts of a dedicated few, this ancient breed is gradually being revived. Despite their rarity and small numbers, Barbets are renowned for their intelligence, love for water, and adaptability and skill in various tasks. These family dogs love being around their family—especially when it comes to water adventures.

11. Bloodhound

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Size: Large
Life Expectancy: 10-12 years
Temperament: Determined, energetic, independent

The origins of the Bloodhound dog breed are unclear—while some believe they’re from France, others trace their lineage to the ancient Mediterranean, and others to Belgium. One thing is certain, though—these dogs have an extremely powerful sense of smell that grants them access to an entire world we humans can’t perceive. Their name has an intriguing backstory—they were once referred to as “blooded hounds” signifying “of aristocratic blood” due to their carefully bred lineage. During the pre-Reformation era, monks were assigned the task of implementing the bishop’s breeding program for these hounds. Additionally, numerous distinguished princes of the pre-Reformation church kept packs of hounds on their estates in England and France. While Bloodhounds will go where their nose takes them, they thrive in homes with other pets, fenced-in yards and high-energy pup parents.

12. Petit Basset Griffon Vendéen

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Size: Small
Life Expectancy: 14-16 years
Temperament: Vivacious, happy, alert

The Petit Basset Griffon Vendéen dog breed is just as its name suggests: small, low to the ground, wire coated, and originating in the French area of Vendée. While this headstrong hound dog may come from the Old World, they are still used today to hunt game by scent. This shaggy-haired pup enjoys the company of others—whether they be other dogs, kids, or their family. But don’t let their small size fool you; they have a durable constitution, a houndy bark, and are bred to tackle harsh terrain.

13. Berger Picard

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Size: Medium
Life Expectancy: 12-13 years
Temperament: Friendly, loyal, watchful

The Berger Picard dog breed has close family ties to the Briard and Beauceron and may be the oldest pasture dog bred by French shepherds. Hailing from their home region of Picardy, the breed nearly went extinct, but they have made a comeback in recent years. Although still rare, this lanky herding dog is an independent problem solver. Athletic dog parents are ideal, as the breed’s boundless energy makes them a fan of sports and the outdoors. Regular exercise is a must, as is early socialization for these intelligent dogs.

14. French Spaniel

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Size: Medium
Life Expectancy: 10-12 years
Temperament: Smart, friendly, gentle

Although the French Spaniel dog breed enjoyed popularity among royalty in the Middle Ages, they faced the brink of extinction by the beginning of the 20th century. The breed was saved by the efforts of a French priest, and it is now one of the largest breeds of spaniels. This affectionate and calm canine demonstrates a keen enthusiasm for hunting, enjoys socializing with other dogs, and excels as an ideal companion for their human family. They are highly intelligent, and their enthusiasm and willingness to work make them easy to train.

15. Löwchen

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Size: Small
Life Expectancy: 13-15 years
Temperament: Snuggly, adventurous, playful

The Löwchen dog breed represents an interesting blend of influences: While the name originates from German, these delightful companions enjoyed popularity among noblewomen of France, as well as other European nations like Italy, Holland, Russia and Spain since the Middle Ages. A descendant from the same ancient line that produced the Bichon Frise and Maltese, this companion dog has been a popular pet for more than 500 years. Löwchens are said to be affectionate, brave, and “little lions”—which is appropriate, since “little lion” is the translation of Löwchen.

If you have your heart set on bringing a French pup into your home, check out some great questions to ask dog breeders, and learn about when you should take a puppy home. No matter which breed you choose, check out our new dog guide for the ins and outs of adopting a furry family member.

Attributions

Christine Borges

Christine Borges is an award-winning writer and editor, as well as an avid animal lover. When she’s not going on long walks or hikes looking

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