What is the difference between coconut fiber, soil blends, and wood chips or mulch as frog substrates?
Coconut fiber is soft and highly absorbent, so it holds moisture well to support humidity and creates a comfortable, non-abrasive surface for digging. Soil blends also keep moisture and shape, making them a stable base in humid enclosures. Wood chips or mulch have larger pieces that improve airflow at the surface and dry a bit faster, so you may need to mist a little more to keep overall humidity in range.
How damp should frog substrate be, and what should I do if it becomes soggy or moldy?
Aim for substrate that is damp to the touch, not soaked or muddy. If you notice pooling water, a musty smell, or mold, remove the wet areas; refresh with clean, non-toxic substrate; and reduce misting until it returns to a slightly moist feel. Improving airflow and spot-cleaning regularly will help keep humidity steady without letting the habitat get waterlogged.