American Bulldog

Updated March 6, 2025

Updated March 6, 2025

American Bulldogs are loyal, affable pups who thrive on consistent training and an unbreakable bond with their person or family. Unlike their English cousins, these kiddos aren’t couch potatoes—they’ll appreciate pet parents who are just as fun and playful as they are.

Temperament

Big-hearted, energetic, friendly

Weight

60–100 pounds

Height

20–25 inches

Life Expectancy

10–12 years

Coat Color

White

You might expect a dog with a gaze this serious to be a very stoic pup, but that’s not the case with the American Bulldog. These lovable pups can be downright silly, especially when it comes to playing with all members of the family.  

Sometimes a bit of a class clown (like their cousins, the English Bulldog), these dogs are also bright and charming. They’ll ace training—once they set their mind to it—and they’ll appreciate it if you fill their social calendar with lots of stuff to do.

They won’t appreciate anything too taxing (they’re not known for their speed, after all), but they do need a solid exercise routine to burn off some energy.  

American Bulldog Characteristics

Remember: Dogs are individuals and not all dogs, even those of the same breed, will exhibit all the same qualities.

    American Bulldog Appearance

    The American Bulldog has a proud air that wins over pet parents and strangers alike. Their sweet flop-over ears are a prelude to this pup’s silly side.  

    Photo of a American Bulldog
    1. Ears

      American Bulldogs have medium-sized ears that sit high on the head. While it was once common to crop (or cut) their ears, nowadays many of these pups have their ears intact. Many groups, including the American Veterinary Medical Association, oppose ear cropping, and many countries as well as U.S. states have banned the practice.

    2. Eyes

      American Bulldog eyes are round or almond-shaped; they’re usually dark brown.

    3. Nose

      This pup has a wide muzzle with a slight taper and a black or liver-colored nose.

    4. Coat Length

      The American Bulldog has a short, smooth coat.

    5. Coat Color

      The American Bulldog has a white coat, sometimes with black, brown, red, tan, or brindle (often called “tiger stripes”) markings.

    6. Tail

      The American Bulldog tail is alert, with a thicker base and a tip that thins at the top.

    American Bulldog Temperament

    The American Bulldog personality is easy to love. With a confident attitude, these pups manage to both take themselves seriously and also be total clowns.  

    They make great family companions, and they usually do well with kids and babies, too. American Bulldogs may be a little wary of strangers at first (who isn’t?), but once they warm up to them, they’ll take the opportunity to put their charm on full display.   

    The American Bulldog is well-respected as one smart canine, and they might even skyrocket to the top of the class at obedience training. Agile and alert, they’ll follow your cues during training and games, whether they’re learning to sit or just playing fetch in the backyard 

    Similar in size and pet care needs as the American Bulldog

    How to Care for a American Bulldog

    The American Bulldog doesn’t need too much time in front of a mirror. Grooming is minimal with this breed, which is great news because you can spend lots more time for training and socializing this active, bright dog. 

    Grooming

    Training

    Diet

    Exercise

    Environment

    American Bulldog Health

    The average American Bulldog lifespan is 10–12 years. There are a few health issues that pet parents should be aware of.   

    • Allergies: American Bulldogs can have allergies caused by an overactive immune system. Symptoms may include itchy skin, fur loss, scratching, obsessive licking, redness, or recurring skin and/or ear infections. See your vet to figure out what could be causing your dog’s allergic reactions.  
    • Cherry eye:Cherry eye is not uncommon with the American Bulldog. It’s when the pink, fleshy part of the eye’s corner (the third eyelid) becomes swollen and bulges out of its pocket. Discharge, squinting, cloudiness, bulging, pink swelling, and redness are all reasons to see your vet right away.  
    • Deafness: Deafness, which can occur in one or both ears, is often linked to dogs with light coats (such as white). There’s no treatment for inherited deafness, but most dogs acclimate well to the condition and lead a full, happy life.  
    • Degenerative myelopathy (DM): This is a neurological disease that affects the spinal cord; it slowly weakens, then paralyzes, the back legs and causes problems with breathing, vocalizing, and eating. There is no treatment to reverse DM, but physical therapy may help. If you notice anything unusual with your American Bulldog, like lameness or stumbling, see your veterinarian. 
    • Elbow and hip dysplasia: With elbow dysplasia and hip dysplasia, the joint doesn’t fit together properly. Signs include limping, and treatment might involve weight loss, reduced activity, joint supplements, physical therapy, pain meds, or, in severe cases, surgery. 
    • Knee ruptures or tears: The cranial cruciate ligament is a band of tissue similar to the ACL in humans; it helps stabilize a dog’s knee. It’s common for this ligament to rupture or tear, causing pain, swelling, arthritis, and lameness. Surgery is usually the go-to treatment.  
    • Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL): NCL is an inherited and progressive neurological disorder that usually shows symptoms starting between 1–2 years of age. The most obvious symptom is behavioral changes in the dog, and the pup will usually lose coordination and eyesight. At this time, there is no treatment. 

    American Bulldog History

    American Bulldogs are descendants of Bulldogs that worked with butchers in the 17th century. Over the years, the American Bulldog breed was further refined and worked on farms in the southeastern U.S. 

    The breed nearly went extinct during the World Wars. But after World War II, two men (John D. Johnson and Alan Scott) worked hard to breed the last few American Bulldogs, which is why these canines survive to this day.  

    American Bulldog breeders tend to charge between $1,800–$3,500. If you choose this route, pick a responsible breeder. 

    You can also adopt an American Bulldog puppy or adult dog who’s waiting patiently for their forever family. Check out local organizations like American Bulldog Rescue, keep an eye out for the breed at your local shelter, or search Chewy’s database of adoptable dogs in your area. 

    FAQs

    Do American bulldogs shed?

    American Bulldog vs. Pit Bull: Are American Bulldogs pit bulls?

    How long do American Bulldogs live?

    What are the most popular American Bulldog names?

    English vs. American Bulldog: What’s the difference?


    This content was medically reviewed by Barri Morrison, DVM, Chewy veterinarian.


    Similar in size and pet care needs as the American Bulldog