What supplies do I need for a freshwater aquarium?
The right setup depends on the fish and other aquatic pets you plan to keep, but common freshwater aquarium essentials include a properly sized tank, filter, water conditioner, thermometer, lighting, and species-appropriate food. Some setups also need a heater, substrate, plants, or hiding places. Research your pets' specific needs before setting up the aquarium so you can choose compatible supplies.
Are no-spill water-change systems useful for freshwater tanks, and how should I handle water conditioner when using one?
No-spill systems can speed up partial water changes by letting you siphon and refill directly from a faucet, which is especially helpful on larger aquariums. When refilling with tap water, use a freshwater conditioner as directed on the bottle for the amount of new water, either into the stream as you refill or into the tank just before the new water goes in. Matching temperature and keeping a consistent change schedule help minimize stress on fish.